Analysis of the development and change of lifting appliances

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2022-11-03

As the supporting equipment of metallurgical cranes and the essential key equipment for safe production in the metallurgical industry, the reliability, safety and progressiveness of lifting appliances have always been highly valued by people. Due to the constraints of traditional metallurgical processes, domestic metallurgical lifting appliances were basically produced or made some small improvements and development under the process mode of the former Soviet Union 30 years before the reform and opening up. With the deepening of domestic reform and opening up policies, The introduction of a large number of foreign advanced technologies and the improvement of metallurgical processes in domestic metallurgical enterprises put forward higher requirements for the production and manufacture of metallurgical slings. The improvement of metallurgical process, such as the transformation of steelmaking process from the former Soviet Union model to the continuous casting and rolling model in the industrial developed countries, has also brought about great changes in the types and forms of metallurgical slings. The clamps used in old metallurgical slings, such as ingot stripping cranes, and soaking pits have gradually been eliminated.

Analysis of the development and change of lifting appliances

1 ton purple, 2 tons green, 3 tons yellow, 4 tons gray, 5 tons red, 6 tons brown, 8 tons blue, 10 tons and 12 tons orange. It is generally made of high strength polyester filament, which has multiple advantages such as high strength, abrasion resistance, oxidation resistance, UV resistance, etc. At the same time, it is soft, non-conductive, non corrosive (no harm to human body), and is widely used in various fields. There is one color of the sling that is not mentioned above, that is, the white sling. This is because the raw materials of white sling and color sling are different, so tonnage cannot be distinguished by color. The use of lifting belts is related to the success and failure of a single lifting operation, and is more related to the personal safety of cranes and drivers.

What are the points of lifting operation with lifting belt?

In case of severe weather such as heavy rain, heavy snow, heavy fog and wind force above 6 (including 6), outdoor hoisting operation must be stopped. It is forbidden to work under or on one side of the live high-voltage line. Overload is strictly prohibited. During the operation of two lifting belts, the two lifting belts shall be directly hung into the double hooks. The lifting belts shall be hung at the symmetrical stress center of double hooks; When four lifting belts are used, every two lifting belts shall be directly hung into the double hooks. Note that the lifting belts in the hooks shall not overlap and squeeze each other. The lifting belts shall be symmetrical to the force center of the hooks. When using the lifting belt, hang the lifting belt directly to the force center of the hook, not to the hook tip. During the hoisting operation, the lifting belts are not allowed to be crossed, twisted, knotted or twisted. The correct special connectors for the lifting belts should be used for connection. When encountering goods with sharp corners and edges, the sling must be protected by sheathing, angle protection and other methods to extend the service life of the sling. The use of slings on rough surfaces is strictly prohibited. To prevent the sling from being cut off by corners and scratched by rough surfaces. Double turn chokes are more secure. When using the sling, because the bending part of the hook makes the flat sling unable to carry evenly in the width direction, it is affected by the inner diameter of the hook. If the hook diameter is too small and it is not fully connected with the webbing eye, the correct connector shall be used for connection. The correct hoisting method shall be adopted when hoisting pipe objects. Excessive hoisting angle will cause potential safety hazards. Do not press articles on the lifting belt, which will cause damage to the lifting belt. Do not try to pull the lifting belt out from below, which may cause danger. Use objects to pad up and leave enough space for the lifting belt to be taken out smoothly. The lifting belt shall not be dragged on the ground or rough surface. After use, the sling shall be suspended for storage.

What safety conditions should be paid attention to when using lifting belts?

Safety precautions for use of lifting belts ① It is not allowed to use lifting belts with overload. If several lifting belts are used, the load should be evenly distributed on several lifting belts as far as possible. ② It is not allowed to connect the soft ring with any device that may cause damage to it. The hanging device connected by the soft ring shall be smooth without any sharp edge, and its size and shape shall not tear the seam of the lifting belt. ③ When moving the lifting belt and goods, do not drag them. ④ Do not knot or twist the lifting belt, and do not allow the lifting belt to hang goods for too long. ⑤ It is not allowed to use lifting belts without sheaths to carry goods with sharp corners and edges. ⑥ When the goods stay on the lifting belt, the lifting belt shall not be pulled out from the bearing state. ⑦ If the sling is used in high temperature or abnormal environment such as lifting chemicals, it shall be used according to the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. ⑧ After the sling is dirty or used in the environment with acid or alkali tendency, it should be washed with cold water immediately. ⑨ The lifting belt shall be stored under the condition of avoiding light and ultraviolet radiation, and shall not be stored near open fire or other heat sources.

What material is the sling?

There are many kinds of materials for the sling, such as nylon, synthetic fiber, polyester fiber, etc. Synthetic fiber sling In particular, the synthetic fiber sling is portable, easy to maintain, and has good chemical resistance. It has the advantages of light weight, high strength, and is not easy to damage the surface of the hoisted object. It is increasingly favored by users and gradually replaces the wire rope sling in many aspects. Synthetic fiber lifting belts are divided into flat lifting belts and round lifting belts according to their types. The flat sling is mainly made of nylon fiber (polyamide synthetic fiber), polyester fiber (polyester synthetic fiber) and polypropylene fiber (polypropylene synthetic fiber). They have their own characteristics and can be suitable for different environmental occasions, but lifting belts of different materials can never be mixed. The round sling is mainly made of polyester synthetic fiber (polyester). The outer layer is made of polyester round sleeve as the protective layer, and the inner core is made of continuous 100% polyester core yarn to bear the lifting load. Synthetic fiber sling is a soft sling with excellent performance, which is made of high-quality high-strength and low elongation polyester filament, and is a replacement of steel wire.

Precautions for lifting belt

During hoisting, the hoisting belt connection mode shall be correctly used. The hoisting belt shall be correctly placed and connected to the load in a safe manner. The hoisting belt must be placed on the load so that the load can balance the width of the sling; Never tie or twist the sewing part of the sling. Never place it on the hook or lifting equipment, and always place it on the upright part of the sling. Avoid damage to the label by keeping away from the load, hook and locking angle. 1. Do not use damaged slings; 2. Do not twist or twist the sling during hoisting; 3. Do not tie the sling during use; 4. Avoid tearing the sewing joint or overloading; 5. When moving the sling, do not drag the sling; 6. Avoid the load of sling caused by force or vibration; 7. Each sling must be carefully checked before use; 8. Tapen fiber has the function of resisting inorganic acid, but is vulnerable to organic acid; 9. Fibers are suitable for chemical resistant places; 10. Nylon has the ability of resisting strong organic acid, and is vulnerable to the damage of facial acid. When it is wet, the strength loss can reach 15%; 11. If the sling is contaminated with chemicals or used at high temperatures, consult the supplier. When the flat sling with soft lifting lug is used, the minimum length of the lifting lug used shall not be less than 3.5 times the maximum thickness of the hook at the contact part with the lifting lug, and the included angle of the lifting lug movement shall not exceed 20 °. When connecting slings and lifting appliances with soft lifting lugs, the contact part of slings and lifting appliances must be constant, unless the axial width of slings does not exceed 75 mm, and the bending radius of lifting accessories must be at least 0.75 times of the axial width of slings.

Main characteristics of lifting belt

Light and soft: the weight is 25% of the same metal sling. The sling is very easy to handle, carry and store. If there is a large cut on the circular sling casing, it must be inspected and cannot be repaired or used again. Analysis on the Characteristics and Uses of Lifting Belts Lifting belts are increasingly used in modern, scientific and international lifting construction sites. The products are widely used in steel mills, oil fields, ports, electromechanical, transportation and other industries. (1) Light weight, good flexibility, easy to bend, easy to use; (2) It does not damage the appearance of the hoisted object and has strong maintainability; (3) Safe and stable lifting, high safety coefficient; (4) High tensile strength, beautiful color, easy to distinguish; (5) It is an insulator; (6) Long service life, good corrosion resistance and wear resistance; (7) Progress, rest, obedience and cost saving; (8) It is widely used in aviation, aerospace, nuclear power construction, military manufacturing, port loading and unloading, electric power devices, machine processing, chemical steel, shipbuilding, transportation and other fields.

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